ATAR explained: how is it calculated?
The Australian Tertiary Admission Rank, scaling, percentiles and what your score actually means.
The Australian Tertiary Admission Rank (ATAR) is a percentile rank between 0 and 99.95. Despite the way it's often discussed, it isn't a mark, a percentage or a grade — it's your position relative to your year cohort.
Step 1: scaled scores
Each subject's raw marks are statistically scaled. Scaling adjusts for the strength of the students taking each subject so that, for example, a 70 in advanced mathematics isn't directly compared with a 70 in a less competitive subject.
Step 2: the aggregate
Your best scaled scores (typically your top 4 plus a portion of your fifth and sixth) are added to form an aggregate. State rules differ — for instance, NSW uses 10 units; Victoria uses scores from your top 6 ATAR-eligible subjects.
Step 3: ranking
Your aggregate is converted to a percentile rank against everyone in your year, including students who didn't sit ATAR. That's your ATAR.
What it means in practice
Course cut-offs are clearing-in ranks, not minimum standards. They move year to year based on demand. Always check the cut-off, the application route and any bonus point schemes for the courses you want.
Related calculators
Frequently asked questions
Is the ATAR a percentage?
No — it's a percentile rank. An ATAR of 85.00 means you ranked higher than 85% of your year-cohort.
What's the maximum ATAR?
99.95 — there's no 100.00.
Do all states use the ATAR?
Yes, except Queensland, which uses ATAR but calculates from a different scaling system. Each state's tertiary admissions centre publishes the rules.
How is scaling done?
Subjects are scaled relative to the strength of the cohort taking them, not by which subject is 'harder'. The system is statistical, not based on opinion.
Can I get into uni without an ATAR?
Yes — many universities offer alternative entry via portfolios, bridging courses, TAFE pathways or special-entry schemes.